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1.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 13(1): 93-96, mar. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-990071

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of commercial sweeteners on root dentin demineralization using a microcosm biofilm model. Bovine dentin specimens with pre-determined surface hardness were randomized into six groups according to the studied sweeteners: sucralose, stevia, saccharin, aspartame. Sucrose was used as a positive control and an untreated group as a negative control. The specimens were submitted to biofilm development from one saliva donor and the cariogenic challenge occurred on subsequent five days, twice a day. At the end, the percentage of surface hardness loss (%SHL) and biomass was determined and submitted to ANOVA followed by Tukey's test. Sucrose presented the highest rate of demineralization, however, all sweeteners tested lead to a statistically higher root demineralization compared to the negative control (p <0.05). Sucrose caused greater demineralization in root dentin, however, the sweeteners were also able to induce it under this biofilm model.


RESUMEN: El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de los edulcorantes comerciales en la desmineralización de la dentina radicular utilizando un modelo de biofilm microcosmo. Se asignaron al azar muestras de dentina bovina con una dureza de la superficie predeterminada de acuerdo con los edulcorantes estudiados: sucralosa, estevia, sacarina, aspartame. La sacarosa se utilizó como control positivo y un grupo no tratado como control negativo. Las muestras se enviaron al desarrollo de biopelículas de un donante de saliva y el desafío cariogénico se produjo en los siguientes cinco días, dos veces al día. Al final, se determinó el porcentaje de pérdida de dureza de la superficie (% PDS) y biomasa y se aplicó un estudio estadístico de ANOVA seguido de la prueba de Tukey. La sacarosa presentó la mayor tasa de desmineralización; sin embargo, todos los endulzantes probados condujeron a una desmineralización de la raíz estadísticamente mayor en comparación con el control negativo (p<0,05). La sacarosa causó una mayor desmineralización en la dentina de raíz, sin embargo, los edulcorantes también fueron capaces de inducirla bajo este modelo de biofilm.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Sweetening Agents/pharmacology , Tooth Root/drug effects , Cariogenic Agents/pharmacology , Tooth Demineralization/chemically induced , Dentin/drug effects , Tooth Root/microbiology , Analysis of Variance , Tooth Demineralization/microbiology , Biofilms/growth & development , Dietary Sucrose/pharmacology , Dentin/microbiology
2.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 12(4): 208-215, 2019. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1088029

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Si bien, los edulcorantes no nutritivos (ENN) estevia y D-tagatosa han sido reportados como seguros, han demostrado tener algunos efectos metabólicos tras su ingesta. OBJETIVO: Describir los efectos de la ingesta de estevia y D-tagatosa sobre el metabolismo de la glucosa y ácido úrico, y del apetito-saciedad, a partir de la evidencia disponible. MÉTODOS: Revisión descriptiva. Se realizó búsqueda en PubMed utilizando los siguientes términos y palabras clave: "stevia rebaudiana", "tagatose", "D-tagatose", "blood glucose", "insulin", "metabolic processes", "uric acid", "hyperuricemia", "appetite" o "satiety". El análisis de los estudios seleccionados fue discrecional. RESULTADOS: Existen estudios que demuestran efectos beneficiosos tras el consumo de estevia o D-tagatosa sobre el control glicémico, apetito y saciedad tanto en sujetos sanos como con alteraciones en el metabolismo de la glucosa. Por otra parte, un número importante de estudios que evalúan la ingesta de estevia reportan efectos nulos sobre dichos parámetros. En relación al ácido úrico, solo un estudio en sujetos con enfermedad renal crónica reporta aumento en la concentración de ácido úrico plasmático tras la ingesta de 500 mg/día de estevia. Pocos estudios han evaluado el efecto de la ingesta de D-tagatosa sobre uricemia, en sujetos sanos y diabéticos, reportando un aumento transitorio y significativo en los niveles de ácido úrico sérico, sin embargo, no se ha logrado demostrar un efecto hiperuricémico asociado. Es importante destacar que la metodología de los estudios revisados es heterogénea, especialmente en relación al tamaño muestral, tiempo, dosis y vía de adminitración del edulcorante. CONCLUSIÓN: La ingesta de estevia y D-tagatosa ha demostrado efectos beneficiosos sobre el metabolismo de la glucosa, el apetito y la saciedad. El efecto del consumo de D-tagatosa sobre ácido úrico sérico requiere mayor evidencia para demostrar su significancia clínica.


INTRODUCTION: No-nutritive sweeteners stevia and D-tagatose have been reported as safe according to their acceptable daily intake, however, they have been shown to have metabolic effects after their ingestion. OBJECTIVE: To describe the effects of stevia and D-tagatose intake on parameters associated to glucose, uric acid metabolism and on appetite-satiety, considering the available evidence. METHODS: Descriptive review. PubMed search was carried out to identify the totality of the published articles. The following terms and key words were used: "stevia rebaudiana", "tagatose", "D-tagatose", "blood glucose", "insulin", "metabolic processes", "uric acid", "hyperuricemia", "appetite" o "satiety". The analysis of the selected studies was discretionary. RESULTS: studies have shown beneficial effects of stevia and D-tagatose consumption on glycemic control, appetite and satiety in healthy subjects as well as subjects with impairment glucose metabolism. On the other hand, a significant number of studies evaluating estevia intake report null effects on these parameters. In relation to uric acid, only one study in subjects with chronic kidney disease reported an increase in plasmatic uric acid concentration after the intake of 500 mg/day of stevia. Several studies have evaluated the effect of D-tagatose intake on plasmatic uric acid, in healthy and diabetic subjects, reporting a transient and significant increase in serum uric acid levels, however, has not been able to demonstrate an associated hyperuricemic effect. It is important to highlight that the methodology of the studies reviewed is heterogeneous, especially in relation to sample size, dose administered, time and route of exposure to the sweetener. CONCLUSION: Stevia and D-tagatose intake has shown beneficial effects on glucose metabolism, appetite and satiety. The effects of the consumption of both sweeteners on uric acid require further study to demonstrate their clinic significance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sweetening Agents/pharmacology , Uric Acid/metabolism , Blood Glucose/drug effects , Appetite/drug effects , Satiation/drug effects , Stevia/metabolism , Glucose/metabolism , Hexoses/pharmacology , Insulin/metabolism
3.
RFO UPF ; 23(1): 37-41, 15/08/2018. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-910132

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana in vitro da planta Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni e de adoçantes não calóricos sobre o crescimento de Streptococcus mutanse Lactobacillus casei, micro-organismos cariogênicos presentes na cavidade bucal. Materiais e método: o estudo foi realizado utilizando as cepas padrões de S.mutans (UA159) e L. casei (ATCC7469). Foram avaliados diferentes compostos não calóricos substitutos dasacarose nas concentrações de 1%, 5% e 10%: eritritol(ER), Fit Sucralose® (SU), Stevita® (ST), solução de Steviarebaudiana Bertoni (SSr) e, como controle positivo,digluconato de clorexidina (DC). A análise do efeito inibitório desses compostos no crescimento das bactériasfoi feita por meio da técnica de difusão em ágar. Resultado:observou-se que existe um efeito inibitório decrescimento de ambos os micro-organismos por parte da SSr e do ER, enquanto os demais adoçantes testa dosnão tiveram efeito inibitório sobre esses micro-organismos.Conclusão: os resultados demonstram que SSR eER apresentam efeito inibidor no crescimento das cepastestadas de S. mutans e L. casei. (AU)


Objective: The study evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plant and non-caloric sweeteners on the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei, which are cariogenic microorganisms present in the oral cavity. Materials and method: The study was conducted using the standard strains of S. mutans (UA159) and L. casei (ATCC7469). Different non-caloric compounds were evaluated at concentrations of 1%, 5%, and 10%: erythritol (ER), Fit Sucralose™ (SU), Stevita™ (ST), Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni solution (SSr), and chlorhexidine digluconate (CD) as positive control. The inhibitory effect of these compounds on the growth of bacteria were analyzed by the agar diffusion technique. Result: There was a growth inhibition effect for both microorganisms by SSr and ER, whereas the other sweeteners tested had no inhibitory effect on the microorganisms. Conclusion: The results showed that SSr and ER present an inhibitory effect on the growth the strains tested of S. mutans and L. casei. (AU)


Subject(s)
Streptococcus mutans/drug effects , Chlorhexidine/analogs & derivatives , Stevia/chemistry , Erythritol/pharmacology , Lacticaseibacillus casei/drug effects , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/pharmacology , Sweetening Agents/pharmacology , Colony Count, Microbial , Chlorhexidine/chemistry , Statistics, Nonparametric , Dental Caries/microbiology , Dental Caries/prevention & control
4.
J. appl. oral sci ; 22(1): 68-72, Jan-Feb/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-699921

ABSTRACT

Objective: The oral environment is subject to biofilm accumulation and cariogenic challenge, and few studies exist on the effect of these factors on the bond strength of adhesive systems. The aim of this study was to test if the exposure of adhesive interfaces to cariogenic challenge under biofilm accumulation could promote higher degradation than the exposure to biofilm accumulation alone. Material And Methods: Five molars were ground until exposure of medium dentin and then restored (Single Bond 2 and Z250 3M ESPE). The tooth/resin sets were cut to obtain beam-shaped specimens, which were distributed according to the aging conditions (n=20): water for 24 h (control); biofilm under cariogenic challenge for 3, 5 or 10 days; biofilm without cariogenic challenge for 10 days; and water for 3 months. Microcosm biofilms were formed from human saliva and grown in a saliva analogue medium, supplemented or not with sucrose to promote cariogenic challenge. Specimens were tested for microtensile bond strength, and failure modes were classified using light microscopy. Bond strength data were analyzed using ANOVA and failure modes were analyzed using ANOVA on ranks (α=0.05). Results: No significant differences in bond strength were detected among the aging methods (P=0.248). The aging period was associated with an increase in the frequency of adhesive failures for the groups aged for 10 days or longer (P<0.001). Conclusion: Aging leads to a higher prevalence of interfacial adhesive failures, although this effect is not associated with cariogenic challenge or reduction in bond strengths. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Biofilms/drug effects , Dental Caries/microbiology , Dentin , Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry , Analysis of Variance , Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate/chemistry , Cariogenic Agents/pharmacology , Dental Restoration Failure , Dentin/drug effects , Dentin/microbiology , Random Allocation , Saliva/microbiology , Sucrose/pharmacology , Surface Properties , Sweetening Agents/pharmacology , Tensile Strength , Time Factors , Water/chemistry
5.
Int. j. morphol ; 28(3): 823-827, Sept. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-577191

ABSTRACT

Sucralose is a sweetener of general use in over three thousand products (beverages, foods and medical diets), with utilization currently permitted for the general population in more than 80 countries, including for women of reproductive age. There is little information on the safe use of sucralose, and experimental studies have suggested that the administration of some sweeteners, by diverse routes, retards not only fetal and placental development but also umbilical cord size. The present study aimed to estimate the fetal and placental weights and umbilical-cord length in fetuses from rat dams, after ingestion and non-ingestion of sucralose. In the treated group (5 dams), sucralose was administered (via gavage) at the dose of 30 mg/kg/day, from the 10th to 14th day of pregnancy. In the control group (5 dams), saline solution was administered, at the same dose and by the same route. On the 20th gestation day, both groups were sacrificed for weighing of the fetuses and placentas and measurement of umbilical-cord length. Mean values of fetal weight and umbilical-cord length of the treated group were significantly lower than controls (Mann-Whitney Test, p<0.001). Placental weight did not differ statistically between treated and control groups. It can be concluded from the present work that sucralose ingestion at 30 mg/kg/day, from days 10 to 14 of pregnancy, diminished fetal weight and umbilical-cord length, which suggests passage of sucralose through the placental membrane.


La sucralosa es un edulcorante de uso general en más de tres mil productos (bebidas, alimentos y dietas médicas), con permisos de utilización para la población general en más de 80 países, entre ellos mujeres en edad reproductiva. Hay poca información sobre el uso seguro de la sucralosa, y los estudios experimentales han sugerido que la administración de algunos edulcorantes, por diversas vías, no sólo retrasa el desarrollo del feto y la placenta, sino también el tamaño del cordón umbilical. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo estimar el peso fetal y placentario y la longitud del cordón umbilical de los fetos de ratas madres después de la ingestión y la no ingestión de sucralosa. En el grupo tratado (5 crías), la sucralosa se administró (a través de sonda) en una dosis de 30 mg/kg/día, desde el día 10 hasta 14 de la preñez. En el grupo control (5 crías), se administró solución salina, con la misma dosis y por la misma vía. En el día 20 de la gestación, ambos grupos fueron sacrificados, para determinar el peso de los fetos y de las placentas y la medición de la longitud del cordón umbilical. Los valores medios del peso fetal y la longitud del cordón umbilical en el grupo tratado fueron significativamente más bajos que los controles (U de Mann-Whitney, p <0,001). El peso de la placenta no difirió estadísticamente entre los grupos tratados y los controles. Se puede concluir de este trabajo que el consumo de sucralosa en 30 mg/kg/día, desde lel día 10 al 14 de la preñez, disminuye el peso fetal y la longitud del cordón umbilical, lo que sugiere el paso de la sucralosa través de la membrana placentaria.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Umbilical Cord , Sweetening Agents/administration & dosage , Fetus , Placenta , Sucrose/administration & dosage , Umbilical Cord/anatomy & histology , Sweetening Agents/pharmacology , Fetal Weight , Fetus/anatomy & histology , Placenta/anatomy & histology , Sucrose/pharmacology
6.
Int. j. morphol ; 28(3): 899-904, Sept. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-577203

ABSTRACT

The cyclamate, a sweetner substance derived from N-cyclo-hexyl-sulfamic acid, is largely utilized as a non-caloric artificial edulcorant in foods and beverages as well as in the pharmaceutical industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate karyometric and stereological alterations in the rat fetal pancreas resulting from the intraperitoneal administration of sodium cyclamate. The exocrine pancreas of ten fetuses of rats were evaluated, five treated and five controls chosen at random, in which five rats that received from the 10th to 14th days of pregnancy an intraperitoneal daily injection of sodium cyclamate at 60 mg/Kg of body weight during 5 days. At the 20th day of gestation, the animals were removed and weighed, as were their placentas; the length of the umbilical cords also were measured. After the laboratory processing, semi-seriated 6mm cuts stained with haematoxyline and eosine were performed. In seven karyometric parameters (major, minor, and medium diameters, volume, area, perimeter, and volume-area ratio), the increase was statistically significant in the treated group when compared with control group. Stereological parameters showed in the treated group a significant increase in the cellular volume and a significant reduction in the numerical cellular density. These results showed that the sodium cyclamate in pregnant rats led to retardation of fetal development and hypertrophy in the exocrine pancreas of the rat fetuses.


El ciclamato, es una substancia derivada del ácido N-ciclo-hexil-sulfámico, bastante usada como edulcorante no calórico en los alimentos y bebidas, así como en la industria farmacéutica. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las alteraciones cariométricas y estereológicos en páncreas fetal de rata tras la administración intraperitoneal de ciclamato de sodio. El páncreas exocrino de diez de los fetos de rata fueron evaluados, cinco tratados y cinco controles seleccionados al azar, en el que cinco ratas recibieron del día 10 al día 14 de preñez una inyección intraperitoneal diaria de ciclamato de sodio a 60 mg/Kg de peso corporal durante 5 días. En el día 20 de gestación, los animales fueron retirados y pesados, al igual que sus placentas. Asimismo, se midió la longitud de los cordones umbilicales. Después del procesamiento de laboratorio, cortes semi-seriados de 6µm, se tiñeron con hematoxilina-eosina. En siete parámetros cariométricos (diámetros mayor, menor y medio, volumen, área, perímetro y relación área/volumen). El aumento fue estadísticamente significativo en el grupo tratado comparado con el grupo control. Los parámetros estereológicos mostraron en el grupo tratado un aumento significativo del volumen celular y una reducción significativa en la densidad numérica celular. Estos resultados mostraron que el uso del ciclamato de sodio en las ratas preñadas causa retardo en el desarrollo fetal e hipertrofia en el páncreas exocrino de los fetos de rata.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Cyclamates/pharmacology , Sweetening Agents/pharmacology , Pancreas, Exocrine , Fetus , Karyometry , Cell Count/methods
7.
Acta sci ; 21(2): 403-8, jun. 1999. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-278791

ABSTRACT

A apresentaçäo destes resultados é uma conseqüência da linha de pesquisa desenvolvida com o carbonato de lítio - Li2CO3 (Li) - e adoçantes näo calóricos, em animais de laboratório em fase de estudos, acrescentando-se sacarina (Sc) e utilizando-se camundongos Swiss fêmeas. O objetivo foi avaliar diferenças estatisticamente significantes como indicadoras de mutagenicidade, quando grupos de camundongos receberam os tratamentos. Em nove tabelas, analisou-se o percentual de micronúcleos (MN) calculados em eritrócitos policromáticos (EP) e normocromáticos (EN), isoladamente, e na soma total. Os animais foram tratados por dez dias, v.o. com Li, na dose de 100mg/kg, ou Li associado à sacarina (Sc), nesta mesma diluiçäo. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com os grupos tratados com ciclofosfamida - Ci. (+) e água - controle (-). A análise de variância seguida do teste de Tukey mostrou diferenças estatisticamente significativas para as médias do percentual de MN em EP, EN e na soma dos totais com valores de F iguais a 16,57**, 9,67** e 15,63**, respectivamente. A comparaçäo dois a dois foi analisada pelos testes "t" de Student (p < 0,05). Diferença significativa só se apresentou para o grupo Ci (+). Considerando-se a metodologia usada em camundongos fêmeas e pela análise estatística estudada, näo foi encontrada indicaçäo de mutagenicidade com a contagem de MN em células de medula óssea para esta espécie de animal.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Female , Adult , Bone Marrow Cells , Lithium Carbonate/pharmacology , Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/drug effects , Saccharin/pharmacology , Sweetening Agents/pharmacology , Analysis of Variance , Erythrocyte Count , Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/chemistry , Mutagenicity Tests
8.
Rev. bras. odontol ; 55(2): 104-7, mar.-abr. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-230222

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma revisäo da literatura sobre a Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, uma planta encontrada principalmente na fronteira do Brasil com o Paraguai, e seu esteviosídeo, um glicosídeo 300 vezes mais doce que a sacarose. Este glicosídeo tem sido utilizado largamente como um adoçante alternativo e vários säo os produtos comerciais que o contêm. Alguns destes produtos foram analisados neste trabalho, sendo constatada neles a presença de outros adoçantes artificiais e de várias substâncias químicas. Desta forma, devemos estar atentos ao recomendar estes produtos, como substitutos do açúcar de origem natural, para prevençäo da cárie dentária


Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Caries/prevention & control , Flavoring Agents , Sweetening Agents/pharmacology
9.
Rev. ciênc. bioméd. (Säo Paulo) ; 11: 1-11, 1990. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-131937

ABSTRACT

A Stevia rebaudiana é uma planta adoçante, a qual possui como princípio ativo o esteviosídeo que é 250 a 300 vezes mais edulcorante que a sacarose. O objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar o efeito da Stevia e do seu esteviosídeo sobre a funçäo renal. Para tal finalidade utilizaram 40 cäes adultos hidropênicos ou com sobrecarga hídrica, nos quais avaliaram-se os parâmetros de pressäo arterial, da respiraçäo e de dosagem plasmáticas e urinárias. A Stevia e seu esteviosídeo quando utilizados pela via oral e endovenosa com administraçäo aguda e subaguda näo mostraram alteraçöes significativas em nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Dogs , Kidney/physiology , Sweetening Agents/pharmacology , Arterial Pressure , Urine
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